Archive technical publications
Technical publications from Pentronics customer magazine
In the archive you will find articles that deal with measurement technology. The articles come from the technology pages of our customer magazine.
The technical section deals with various metrological challenges involved in the installation and use of temperature sensors, measuring systems and instruments.
Here you will find examples of properties and sources of error involved in different types of temperature measurement, articles about heat transfer in various materials and circumstances, articles about traceable calibration, and much more. This knowledge can strengthen and streamline your business in industry, research and development.
Click on the relevant heading and choose from the technical articles that have appeared in the customer magazine since 2008.
Lesson 1, The nature and history of temperature
Lesson 2, Thermodynamics and heat transfer
Lesson 3, Traceable temperature measurement
Lesson 5, Thermocouples and Pt100
Lesson 6, The thermocouple – Its construction and applications
Lesson 7, The Pt100 - Its construction and applications
Lesson 8, Quality assurance and calibration
Non-contact temperature measurement – Part 1 (The IR Pyrometer’s function and properties)
Non-contact temperature measurement – Part 2 (The IR Pyrometer’s function and properties)
What I want to measure and what I actually measure
Serve christmas cheese like the experts
Does the room get colder when you use a desk fan?
Temperature measurement through obstacles
The right temperature is important when making toffee
The heat transfer of natural convection
The “perfect egg”- a measurement challenge
Thermal problem – heating glögg
Sensor placement and response time.
Does a tea cosy keep the tea hot longer?
How does a globe thermometer work?
Exhaust gas temperature during startup is hard to determine in catalytic converters.
Measurement error when gas flow temperature increases 1
How cold are the Christmas buffet dishes?
The temperatures of refrigerant in a geothermal heat pump
Surface-mounted sensors as good as those in thermowells
How cold is it in the refrigerator?
Measuring water temperature from the outside of a half-full plastic pip
Can a wine cooler work without ice?
What does the sensor in a waste incinerator measure?
Leave an air gap between instrument box and hot wall
Does the air get colder when the wind blows?
Don't burn your Christmas porridge
Probe diameter influences temperature measurements
Large measurement errors with hand-held surface temperature sensors
Measurement error during ramping
Warming the Christmas cheese takes time
Critical insulation thickness for surface mount sensors
Measuring temperature via pressure
Does the heat from my hand affect the wine in my glass?
What does a car's outdoor thermometer actually measure?
Does a table fan reduce the room temperature?
An old-fashioned butter cooler
Why aren't there icicles on every house in winter?
When is a radiation shield useful?
Does coffee stay hotter in a white or black mug?
A surprising mixed air temperature
Condensed steam - a problem for both spectacles and temp. sensors
What factors influence the response time
Thermocouple connectors and accessories that make your work life easier
Mechanical design that simplifies and solves problems
Compression fittings – A necessary component
Surface sensors and varying fluid temperatures
Surface sensors and build-up inside a pipe
New sensor measures adiabatic surface temperature and incident radiation (PTHFM)
Measuring air temperature with a sheathed thermocouple
Standards for temperature sensors and wake analysis.
Supporting tubes give strength, a fast response time and simplified installation
External measurement of internal temperature
The effect of poor insulation on temperature sensors
A thermocouple or Pt100 sensor, which should I choose?
Different ways to measure surface temperature
Practical ways to influence response times (2)
Calculating response time for different conditions? (1)
"Softer" values increasingly important to temperature sensors
Too shallow an immersion depth causes measurement error
One hole for nine measuring points
Slower gas emissions give more precise readings
Bananas laid the foundation for performance in mass production
The secret behind custom-made sensors
Smaller = easier to use (compression fittings)
Sheathed thermocouples – Practical advice and problem solving, part 2
Sheathed thermocouples – Practical advice and problem solving, part 1
Response time when measuring the temperature of liquids and gases
Dangerous with reversed-polarity cabling to a furnace regulator
Measurement error due coating build-up
Measurement error due to thermal conduction in a sheathed thermocouple
Can a thermocouple be used as a flow meter?
Can a thermocouple be used as a flow meter?
Is it possible to estimate how dirt in a hen shed affects the measurement error?
Measuring the outdoor temperatur
Mismatched thermocouple cables cause measurement error.
What is the significance of the extension cable’s length?
Keep thermocouple extension cables outside hot zones!
Temperature limits in types K and N thermocouples
The economic advantages of noble metal thermocouples
New IEC standard for thermocouples
Type N thermocouples give smaller calibration errors
Cold junction – the hidden measuring junction
Which thermocouple type should I choose for high temperatures?
Install new thermocouples instead of recalibrating
The right extension cable is important when measuring outdoors
"Extension leads" with thermocouples - good or bad?
Hysteresis in type K thermocouples
Isolated measuring junctions are safest
Non-contact temperature measurement – Part 2 (The IR Pyrometer’s function and properties)
Non-contact temperature measurement – Part 1 (The IR Pyrometer’s function and properties)
IR pyrometers: specify your needs before you buy
Fast response crucial when detoxifying hazardous waste
A sister company with cutting edge expertise in IR-pyrometry
Measurement system PLB5000 – Reliable measurement for demanding environments
Smart sensors function more reliably at a lower total cost
Temperature sensors that give cheaper and better measurement.
Smart temperature sensors from Pentronic.
Sharpen your temperature measurement chain.
Temperature drift in temperature instruments
Uniquely precise temperature sensors
Pentronic's miniature transmitter - the two-year track record...
Smart transmitters give better measurement accuracy
Customised sensor with in-situ tube makes calibration easier
Traceable measurement is the basis for automatic quality assurance
Two routes to traceable calibration
New standard for sheathed thermocouples.
All brands welcome at the laboratory
Trainining and new technology make in-house calibration interesting
Tolerance indications are a perishable commodity so calibrate to know about the uncertainty
In situ calibration of types K and N thermocouples at high temperatures (2)
Type N thermocouples give smaller calibration errors (1)
Precise calibration requires identical temperature sensors
Batch calibration is good but individual testing is best
Measurement uncertainty increases in used thermocouples
Traceability requires known measurement uncertainty
Important information in a calibration certificate
Better measurement with field calibration
Rely on the tolerance limits or calibrate
Customer-friendly traceability services
System calibration gives far higher precision
New measuring instrument equipped for both lab use and field work
System calibration of sensors and transmitters
Accreditation levels, not nationality, make the difference...
New system of comparative inspections
Accreditation the best proof of competence
Testing and fine-tuning measurement performance
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